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The 8 best Tropicália tracks of all time

Tropicália

A twelve-month Brazilian insurrection in 1967 and 1968: bossa harmony, samba, psychedelic guitars, concrete poetry and deliberate bad taste, aimed at a military dictatorship that responded by jailing and exiling its leaders.

Autoplay · All 8 play here · plays through and starts again

  1. Caetano Veloso / Tropicália

    1968 · Philips

    The song that named the movement, a collage of Brasília, monuments and television, sung deadpan over an arrangement that keeps changing its mind.

  2. Caetano Veloso / Alegria, Alegria

    1967 · Philips

    Performed at a televised festival with an electric rock band and booed by a crowd who wanted acoustic protest songs. He won anyway, and the argument started that night.

  3. Gilberto Gil / Domingo no Parque

    1967 · Philips

    A murder ballad set at a funfair, arranged by Rogério Duprat with capoeira berimbau and an orchestra. The most formally ambitious three minutes in Brazilian pop.

  4. Os Mutantes / Panis et Circenses

    1968 · Philips

    Teenagers with home-built fuzz pedals, singing about bread and circuses while the tape slows to a halt mid-song. Kurt Cobain later begged them to reform.

  5. Gal Costa / Baby

    1968 · Philips

    Caetano's lyric is a list of consumer instructions — learn English, drink Coca-Cola — sung with total sincerity. Satire and love song at once, and Costa refuses to tell you which.

  6. Caetano Veloso / É Proibido Proibir

    1968 · Philips

    "It is forbidden to forbid." He was shouted down at the festival, harangued the audience from the stage, and was arrested and exiled within months.

  7. Gilberto Gil / Bat Macumba

    1968 · Philips

    A lyric that is a concrete poem — the words shed a letter per line until nothing is left. Playful, and a direct product of the São Paulo avant-garde.

  8. Jorge Ben / Que Pena

    1969 · Philips

    Ben was not quite of the movement and supplied half its best tunes anyway. The guitar rhythm here is his alone and nobody has convincingly copied it.